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+# `TenantProvider` — abstract tenant-enumeration contract
+
+<!-- begin:auto-docs -->
+_(no submodules)_
+<!-- end:auto-docs -->
+
+## Purpose
+
+`TenantProvider` is the abstract contract every concrete tenant source
+implements. The API plugin host consumes it for per-tenant cron fan-out
+(manifest `perTenant: true` jobs, design §5.4), admin tooling, per-tenant
+cache warmers, and background reconciliation. Putting the abstraction
+in its own package lets the host stay source-agnostic — the same plugin
+binary runs against an in-memory list in tests, against the host
+metadata DB in production, and against a directory service in
+enterprise deployments.
+
+It is intentionally distinct from `TenantResolver` (which extracts the
+active tenant id from a single request). Resolvers answer "who is
+making this call right now"; providers answer "what is the universe of
+tenants this host knows about". Both contracts coexist in the
+api-stack but live in separate packages so consumers can depend on the
+narrower one they actually need.
+
+## Features
+
+- `list(opts?)` — `AsyncIterable<TenantRecord>` streamed one tenant at a time so large rosters don't force a full-set load.
+- `count()` — active-only count, intentionally separate from `list` so sources can shortcut to `COUNT(*) WHERE status='active'` when supported.
+- `lookup(id)` — by-id retrieval that returns `null` for unknown ids (never throws); the only way to reach `archived` tenants.
+- `dispose()` — idempotent cleanup hook for DB connections, directory-service sockets, background pollers.
+- No concrete implementation in this package — `api-tenant-provider-memory` (Stage 4) and DB-backed sources live in siblings.
+
+## Usage: Basic
+
+```ts
+import type { TenantProvider } from "@suaveplan/api-tenant-provider/provider";
+
+async function fanOutCron(provider: TenantProvider, run: (id: TenantId) => Promise<void>) {
+    for await (const tenant of provider.list()) {
+        await run(tenant.id);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Usage: Advanced
+
+```ts
+import type { TenantProvider } from "@suaveplan/api-tenant-provider/provider";
+import type { TenantRecord } from "@suaveplan/api-tenant-provider/tenant-record";
+import {
+    TenantProviderError,
+    TENANT_PROVIDER_CODES,
+} from "@suaveplan/api-tenant-provider/error-codes";
+
+// Parallel cron fan-out with per-tenant timeout + structured error reporting.
+async function fanOutWithTimeout(
+    provider: TenantProvider,
+    run: (record: TenantRecord) => Promise<void>,
+    options: { concurrency: number; perTenantTimeoutMs: number },
+): Promise<{ ok: number; failed: { id: string; reason: string }[] }> {
+    const acc: TenantRecord[] = [];
+    for await (const t of provider.list({ includeSuspended: false })) acc.push(t);
+
+    const failed: { id: string; reason: string }[] = [];
+    let ok = 0;
+    const queue = [...acc];
+    const workers = Array.from({ length: options.concurrency }, async () => {
+        while (queue.length > 0) {
+            const t = queue.shift();
+            if (!t) return;
+            try {
+                await Promise.race([
+                    run(t),
+                    new Promise((_, reject) =>
+                        setTimeout(() => reject(new Error("timeout")), options.perTenantTimeoutMs),
+                    ),
+                ]);
+                ok += 1;
+            } catch (cause) {
+                if (
+                    cause instanceof TenantProviderError &&
+                    cause.code === TENANT_PROVIDER_CODES.SOURCE_UNAVAILABLE
+                ) {
+                    // re-enqueue once for a single retry
+                    queue.push(t);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                failed.push({
+                    id: String(t.id),
+                    reason: cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause),
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    await Promise.all(workers);
+    return { ok, failed };
+}
+```
+
+## API Reference
+
+- `interface TenantProvider`:
+    - `list(opts?: ListOpts): AsyncIterable<TenantRecord>` — active-by-default; pass `{ includeSuspended: true }` to include suspended; archived never yielded.
+    - `count(): Promise<number>` — active-only count.
+    - `lookup(tenantId: TenantId): Promise<TenantRecord | null>` — never throws on missing; MAY throw `TENANT_PROVIDER.SOURCE_UNAVAILABLE` on infrastructure failure.
+    - `dispose(): Promise<void>` — idempotent; calling more than once MUST NOT throw.
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+`list` returns `AsyncIterable<TenantRecord>` rather than
+`Promise<readonly TenantRecord[]>` so sources can stream pages from a
+DB cursor without materialising the full roster — important for
+deployments with thousands of tenants. Callers that DO want the full
+list one-shot can drain the iterable into an array; the iterable shape
+does not preclude that.
+
+`count` is its own method, not `(await drain(list())).length`, because
+many sources can answer count in `O(1)` (a single `COUNT(*)` SQL row)
+where draining the iterable is `O(N)`. The contract leaves the choice
+to the implementor and lets callers pick the cheaper operation.
+
+`dispose` MUST be idempotent because the host's lifecycle FSM (design
+§4) may call it during normal shutdown and again during forced
+shutdown — both calls MUST be safe even if the provider is already
+disposed.